Saturday, July 31, 2010

see no reason to ...

「〜する理由は何もないと思う」。

The New York Timesの記事、'The Un-Divorced' By PAMELA PAULから。

'JOHN FROST and his wife had been unhappily married for much of their 25 years together when his company relocated him in 2000. So when he moved from Virginia to Knoxville, Tenn., he left her behind.

At first, it wasn’t clear what would happen next. Would she follow him? Or would they end up divorced?

The answer: neither. “After a few months,” Mr. Frost said, “we both realized we liked it this way.”

Technically, the two are married. They file joint tax returns; she’s covered by his insurance. But they see each other just several times a year. “Since separating we get along better than we ever have,” he said. “It’s kind of nice.”

And at 58, he sees no reason to divorce. Their children have grown and left home. He asked himself: Why bring in a bunch of lawyers? Why create rancor when there’s nowhere to go but down?'

ちなみに、rancorは、「憎しみ、恨み」という意味の名詞。

Sunday, July 25, 2010

call on 〜 to ...

「(人)に〜をするように要求する」。

The Australianの記事、'Student visa cuts to cost jobs, say universities' by Patricia Karvelas and Sid Maherから。

'UNIVERSITIES have called on Tony Abbott to scrap his plan to cut international student visa numbers.

They have warned that such a move could cripple the nation's fourth largest export market and lead to massive job losses.

And business has condemned the Opposition Leader's planned cuts to immigration levels, saying he is "pitching to short-term self-interest".

Labor accused Mr Abbott of "a sneaky political trick", claiming he had added up the projected cuts in net overseas immigration arising from existing government policy, and claimed them as his own.

The announcement of the Coalition's plan to cut international student visa numbers comes as a senior delegation from Universities Australia led by Peter Coaldrake, Vice-Chancellor of Queensland University of Technology, is due to meet Department of Immigration officials in Canberra today. The delegation will ask for a change in policy to allow overseas students who come to do a degree to be given the chance to work here for two to three years and then return home.

Mr Abbott announced yesterday that a Coalition government would cut the nation's annual rate of net overseas immigration to no more than 170,000 people a year by the end of the next parliamentary term.

The Coalition policy would reduce Australia's annual rate of population growth from more than 2 per cent to the historical long-run average of 1.4 per cent within its first term.

Given that employer-nominated skills migration and 457 temporary business visa numbers would be quarantined from the policy, the most likely cuts would be to overseas student numbers, which Mr Abbott said represented "the largest contributor to net overseas migration"'.

Saturday, July 24, 2010

make apologies to ...

「〜に対して謝罪をする」。

The Guardianの記事、'Prisons minister says criminals could cut jail sentences by saying "sorry"' by Anushka Asthana and Jamie Dowardから。

'Tens of thousands of offenders may be able to reduce their sentences by making personal apologies to their victims, under plans for a "rehabilitation revolution" in the criminal justice system.

Crispin Blunt, the prisons minister, is considering the move as part of a drive to offer victims the chance to come face-to-face with the person who committed the crime against them. A report released today by two charities, Victim Support and the Restorative Justice Consortium, suggests the policy could save £185m in two years by cutting reoffending.

The minister has also declared his support for a form of "community payback" where money that is earned by criminals, either in prison or during alternative forms of punishment, is diverted to the victims of crime as a form of "community payback".

The Ministry of Justice has also drawn up plans to take thousands of prisoners who are mentally ill or addicted to drugs out of prison and place them in secure treatment centres. Around 13,000 people are in UK prisons for drugs offences. According to the probation union, Napo, a further 5,000 men and 500 women in the system have psychotic disorders.

The radical reforms will fuel an increasingly bitter law and order row within the coalition government. Ken Clarke, the minister of justice, has been fiercely criticised for arguing that the number of prisoners in UK jails should be reduced.

Last week Blunt was forced by Downing Street to withdraw plans to abolish a ban on comedy workshops and parties in prison. He said that offenders could be confronted with the victims of their crime in meetings facilitated by police officers. "I'm a maximalist when it comes to restorative justice – I want to get it into our system at every stage," he said. "It makes common sense: if you have a system that is remote, so the victim doesn't really engage, then [they become] frustrated by the lack of involvement.

"With community payback there is a value of the labour that is being done [in prison or alternative forms of punishment] and that value should be cashed and should be going back to the victim.

But some Conservative MPs warned against favouring the wishes of those working in the criminal justice system, and not the wider public.

Tory MP Douglas Carswell said: "Restorative justice is certainly a fad that excited those that work for the criminal justice system, and I am not sure it is necessarily a bad thing. But it should be no substitute for justice. Some people tend to think that rehabilitation should take primacy over punishment. I don't think most people agree with that."

Blunt is being advised about how to roll out the plans by Victim Support and the Restorative Justice Consortium, which wants 75,000 victims of robbery, violence and burglary each year to be offered meetings, arguing that this would cut reconviction rates by 27%.

The report recommends meetings take place before sentencing. Lawrence Kershen QC, chair of the Restorative Justice Consortium, said case law indicated that judges could take into account a restorative meeting when considering sentencing. "An important element that judges are looking for is whether there is remorse. The reason we look for that is if someone feels remorse there is a better chance – although no guarantee – that they will not do it again." Both charities point out that such meetings are used in other countries to divert people out of the criminal justice system.Critics claim that offenders could manipulate such a system by lying, but Kershen added: "Most of the time victims know if someone is genuine when they say they are sorry. Offenders say facing their victim is one of the hardest things to do. You cannot hide behind a lawyer – you are there, naked in a way."

The Forgiveness Project, a grassroots organisation, helps to encourage restorative justice by facilitating meetings for offenders with the actual victims or "surrogate victims".

Among the people who have been helped by the project are Mary Foley, whose 15-year-old daughter was stabbed to death by teenager Beatriz Martins-Paes, who later wrote to her apologise. The mother has forgiven Martins-Paes and wants to meet her, saying restorative justice brings "closure and healing"'.

Friday, July 23, 2010

user-generated content

「ユーザーが作り出す(ウェブ)コンテンツ」。

CNNの記事、'We're running out of internet addresses' By John D. Sutterから。

'Don't panic, but we're running out of internet addresses.

Not domain names -- those website names that you see at the top of this page and which always start with some semblance of "http://" and "www."

We've got plenty of those.

But, according to statements from prominent internet thinkers this week, we may run out of internet protocol -- or IP -- addresses in less than a year.

IP addresses are numbers assigned to all of the devices -- computers, phones, cars, wireless sensors, etc. -- that log on to the internet.

According to the blog ReadWriteWeb, the internet is changing and evolving so quickly -- with so many new types of devices connecting -- that we're running out of numbers to assign to all of these Web-enabled electronics.

"The main reason for the concern? There's an explosion of data about to happen to the Web thanks largely to sensor data, smart grids, RFID and other Internet of Things data," Richard MacManus writes on that site.

"Other reasons include the increase in mobile devices connecting to the Internet and the annual growth in user-generated
content
on the Web."

Only 4 billion internet addresses are possible under the current system, and those will all be exhausted in less than a year, John Curran, president and CEO of the American Registry for Internet Numbers, told ReadWriteWeb'.

Thursday, July 22, 2010

take-up rate

「捕捉率」。

メルボルンのメットカードと呼ばれる公共交通の乗車賃金システムの失敗に続き、またかの政策失敗。税金を使う前に、もっと頭使ってほしいものです。

The Ageの記事、'Helmet law makes nonsense of bike hire scheme' by CLAY LUCASから。

'MELBOURNE'S $5.5 million bike share scheme isn't attracting many users, and Mike Rubbo reckons he knows why: the helmets.

Fewer than 70 trips are being made a day on Melbourne's 600-bike system, a tiny number of journeys compared with the take-up rate seen in bigger schemes introduced in 135 cities around the world.

Mr Rubbo, a Sydney filmmaker and bicycle blogger, will try to underscore his argument on Saturday morning by leading a protest ride from Melbourne University without a helmet, risking a fine of $146. He wants Roads Minister Tim Pallas to follow Mexico City's lead and waive compulsory helmet laws for the bike-share scheme'.

Wednesday, July 21, 2010

back pay

「滞った支払、未払給料(賃金)」。

back paymentとも言います。

The New York Timesの記事、'Japan Training Program Is Said to Exploit Workers' by HIROKO TABUCHIから。

'HIROSHIMA, Japan — Six young Chinese women arrived in this historic city three summers ago, among the tens of thousands of apprentices brought to Japan each year on the promise of job training, good pay and a chance at a better life back home.

Instead, the women say, they were subjected to 16-hour workdays assembling cellphones at below the minimum wage, with little training of any sort, all under the auspices of a government-approved “foreign trainee” program that critics call industrial Japan’s dirty secret.

“My head hurt, my throat stung,” said Zhang Yuwei, 23, who operated a machine that printed cellphone keypads, battling fumes that she said made the air so noxious that managers would tell Japanese employees to avoid her work area.

Ms. Zhang says she was let go last month after her employer found that she and five compatriots had complained to a social worker about their work conditions. A Japanese lawyer is now helping the group sue their former employer, seeking back pay and damages totaling $207,000'.

demean...

「(身分•品位)を落す、〜の面目をつぶす」。

The Australianの記事、'Deans accuse Melbourne and UWA of demeaning the doctorate'から。

'THE Australian Council of Deans and Directors of Graduate Studies has voiced opposition to plans by the universities of Melbourne and WA to tag as doctorates their new masters-level degrees in health disciplines.

Council convenor Helene Marsh, dean of graduate research at James Cook University, said the universities' plans to badge professional masters qualifications as doctorates would "demean" the PhD.

She warned that the market for masters degree programs already suffers from wide variations in what constitutes a masters, and that the sector shouldn't let the same problem hit doctorates.

Professor Marsh said the council's opposition was in line with its guidelines that all its members had agreed to, including members from Melbourne and UWA.

The council's intervention comes just ahead of an August 2 roundtable in Sydney of vice-chancellors organised by Universities Australia to try to agree on a unified sectoral position on doctorates. It follows the Australian Qualifications Framework's decision to reject Melbourne's plans'.

Saturday, July 17, 2010

smash the world record for...

「(〜ということ)で世界記録を塗り替える」。

smashの代わりに、break、beat、cutなども使えます。

CNNの記事、'Unmanned solar plane smashes records' By Matthew Knightから。

'An unmanned solar aircraft has smashed the world record for continuous flight.

The "Zephyr" plane, developed by UK defense technology company, QinetiQ, took off from the U.S. Army's Yuma Proving Ground in Arizona on July 9. Seven days on, it was still flying high.

Zephyr program director, Jon Saltmarsh told CNN: "It's extremely exciting. What we now have is an eternal plane. It has the same amount of fuel at the start of one day as it does at the start of another."

The aircraft has already doubled its own unofficial record of over 82 hours and smashed the previous world record for unmanned flight of 30 hours and 24 minutes, set in 2001 by U.S. aerospace company, Northrop Grumman's RQ-4A Global I.

The Zephyr project was conceived in 2001 and secured funding from the UK's Ministry of Defense (MOD) three years later. After several prototypes, Saltmarsh believes QinetiQ has now created an aircraft that demonstrates genuine military utility.

"It has the persistence to stay up there for long periods of time and it carries payloads that are doing things that the military will find useful."'

Tuesday, July 13, 2010

There are still hurdles to be crossed.

「まだ超えるべきハードル、難点がある」。

BBCの記事、'Criminalising women behind the veil' by Gavin Hewittから。

'So the French lower house has voted to ban the burka or niqab in a public place. It was by a massive majority: 355 to 1. The Greens and some of the Socialists abstained.

There are still hurdles to be crossed, but France is heading to a moment when a woman wearing a full-face veil in public could be stopped by a police patrol and fined 150 euros (£125). If the police gather evidence that a woman is being forced to dress in a niqab, then the man faces a very heavy fine.

The mood among MPs today heading into parliament was strongly in favour of a new law. No doubt some would have been influenced by polls that suggest that up to 70% of French voters support such a ban. One French MP described veils as "muzzles", and "walking coffins".

But the main motive behind this vote was to reinforce French identity. MPs believe that those who live in, or visit, France should embrace French values. Time and again in parliament MPs argued that hiding a woman's face violates the ideal of equality and encourages segregation. The fear behind this is of separate, parallel communities.

There are only about 2,000 women in France who wear the burka or niqab. Many are recent converts to Islam. I spoke today to 26-year-old Anissa. She has been wearing the niqab for two years. She says the new law is Islamaphobic and she will not remove her veil.

"I think it is against international law," she told me. "Personally speaking, removing my veil is against my conscience. And I won't take it off."

That will be one of the difficulties: enforcing such legislation. Initially there will be a six-month period where women who wear the full-face veil are stopped and told about French laws and the reasons behind them. But after that period a police officer could tell her to remove the veil or risk a fine'.

Monday, July 12, 2010

scores of ...

「たくさんの~、多数の~」。

The New York Timesの記事、'For Air Safety, 400 Prospect Park Geese Are Killed'By ISOLDE RAFTERYから。

'They are a familiar sight around the lake in Prospect Park in Brooklyn: Canada geese, scores of them. To some residents of nearby neighborhoods, the birds and their fuzzy offspring are charming hints of wildlife amid the bricks of the city. Recently, when one was found with a crossbow bolt through its neck, park rangers tried to corral it to administer first aid.

But then, over the last few days, parkgoers noticed something strange.

The Canada geese were gone. All 400 of them.

On Monday, they learned the truth. Wildlife biologists and technicians descended on the park Thursday morning and netted the birds. The biologists, who work with the wildlife services division of the Department of Agriculture, then packed the geese two or three to a crate and took them to a facility where they were gassed with lethal doses of carbon dioxide, said Carol A. Bannerman, a spokeswoman for the wildlife services division.

The authorities have been thinning the region’s ranks of the geese since two of them flew into the engines of US Airways Flight 1549 in January 2009, forcing it to ditch in the Hudson River. Last summer, 1,200 were rounded up around the city. But the Prospect Park roundup appears to have been the single biggest episode. The goal is to eliminate all of the geese within seven miles of major area airports. Prospect Park is 6.5 miles in a direct line from both La Guardia Airport and Kennedy Airport.

Still, the scope of the Prospect Park episode mortified some of those who have grown fond of the geese.

“It’s a horrible end,” said Anne-Katrin Titze, who went to the park nearly every morning to feed the geese. “It’s eerie to see a whole population gone. There’s not one goose on this lake. It looks as though they’ve been Photoshopped out.”'

Sunday, July 11, 2010

spell ...

「~を意味する、の兆しである」。

The Australianの記事、'Japan poll outcome threatens instability'から。

'THE centre-left government of Japan's new Prime Minister Naoto Kan has lost its narrow majority in parliamentary upper house elections.

The overnight result spells the threat of legislative paralysis in Japan.

The government was not immediately threatened, because it holds a majority in the more powerful lower chamber, but the result makes it more difficult to pass laws and will force it to seek new coalition partners.

The election defeat - the first test at the ballot box since Mr Kan's party swept to power under a previous leader in a landslide poll last year - complicates Kan's ambitious reform plans for the world's number two economy.

“Sincerely accepting the election results, I feel like I'm standing at the starting line again,” Mr Kan said in a post-midnight press conference'.

Saturday, July 10, 2010

stand-off

「こう着状態、対立、にらみ合い」。

BBCの記事、'Google says China licence renewed by government'から。

'The Chinese government has renewed Google's licence to operate in China, the internet giant has said, ending a long-running stand-off between the two'.

Google gave no details of the licence renewal.

There had been speculation China would revoke the licence after Google began redirecting Chinese users to its unfiltered search site in Hong Kong.

But last month, in a conciliatory move towards Beijing, Google said it would no longer automatically redirect users'.

ちなみに、conciliatoryは、「和解の、懐柔的な、融和的な」という意味の形容詞です。

Friday, July 9, 2010

catapult oneself over...

「〜を飛び越える」。

The Ageの記事、'Monkeys catapult to freedom over fence' by DANIELLE DEMETRIOUから。

'TOKYO: Monkeys at a research institute in Japan have used the branches of trees to catapult themselves over an electric fence.

A group of 15 monkeys at Kyoto University's primate research institute in Aichi Prefecture escaped from their forest home, which is encased by a five-metre-high electric fence. The monkeys made their break for freedom by bending and releasing tree branches to fling themselves over the fence.

Despite the intelligence demonstrated by their great escape, the primates appeared unsure what to do with their freedom: they remained by the gates of the centre and were lured back by scientists with peanuts'.

be whisked out of...

「〜から払いのけられる」。

whisk 〜 out of...で、「〜を...から払いのける」という意味で使われますが、ここでは、〜の部分が主語にきて、「...から払いのけられた〜」という意味で使われています。

The New York Timesの記事、'Convicted Spies Leave U.S. for Swap With Russia' By PETER BAKER and BENJAMIN WEISERから。

'WASHINGTON — Ten convicted Russian sleeper agents whisked out of the United States on a charter plane were believed to have arrived in Vienna on Friday, news reports said, as part of a deal with Moscow to put a quick end to an episode that threatened to disrupt relations between the two countries'.

Wednesday, July 7, 2010

Why should you be able to ...?

「なぜ、〜できるべきなのか?(できるべきではないだろう)」

The Ageの記事、'PM vows to block 'dark side' of net' by ARI SHARPから。

'JULIA Gillard says she is aware of public concerns over the mandatory internet filter interfering with ''legitimate use'' but has vowed to push ahead with the controversial proposal.

In her first comments on the filter since assuming the Labor leadership, Ms Gillard told ABC radio in Darwin yesterday that the proposal was an effort to control the ''dark side'' of communications technology.

''Images of child abuse, child pornography - they are not legal in our cinemas,'' the Prime Minister said.

''Why should you be able to see them on the internet? I think that's the kind of moral, ethical question at the heart of this.''

Ms Gillard indicated Communications Minister Stephen Conroy might tweak parts of the proposed filter before it was introduced.

''I understand that there's a set of … technical concerns about internet speed, and also concerns that somehow this accidentally doesn't move into taking away legitimate use of the internet,'' she said'.

Tuesday, July 6, 2010

in stark contrast to ...

「~とはっきりと対照を成して」。

The Guardianの記事、'Obama and Netanyahu put fallout behind them at talks:Israeli prime minister taking risks for peace, says US president at first meeting since March'から。

'Barack Obama and Binyamin Netanyahu today sought to paper over the deep political rift between the US and Israel and publicly avoided any mention of the main areas of friction, including the continued expansion of Jewish settlements.

In stark contrast to their last meeting, in March, when Obama humiliated Netanyahu by refusing to hold a press conference with him and leaving the Israeli prime minister to eat dinner alone at the White House, the president described their latest discussions as excellent. Seated alongside Netanyahu in the Oval Office, Obama said he believed the Israeli prime minister was a man of peace.

"I think he's willing to take risks for peace," said Obama.

Netanyahu added: "We're committed to that peace. I'm committed to that peace. And this peace will better the lives of Israelis, Palestinians, and certainly would change our region'.

Monday, July 5, 2010

off-field

「場外での」。

CNNの記事、'Vuvuzela: South African symbol made in China' By John Vauseから。

'China's football team never made it to the World Cup, but that does not mean the country's presence has not been felt: The Asian giant has cornered the market on perhaps the most unforgettable off-field aspect of the World Cup -- the vuvuzela.

Ninety percent of the vuvuzelas, the plastic South African trumpet whose loud rasp has become synonymous with the 2010 World Cup, are made in China, according to the China Daily.

The Chinese did it the same way they have done for so many other products: low costs and quick production at factories like the one run by Wu Yuye just outside the southern Chinese city of Ningbo. With a few dozen staff, they make more than 20,000 bugles a day. So far this year, they have churned out more than 1 million of them'.

Sunday, July 4, 2010

backing

「支援、支持」。

BBCの記事、'Watching Hillary and the State Department - by tweet' By Kim Ghattasから。

'You get the picture. The department has embraced social media as a tool for diplomacy for the 21st century, with the strong backing of the Secretary of State herself.

America's diplomats are trying to get the message out directly to the target audience, engaging with younger, tech-savvy audiences around the world in the hope of improving perceptions of the US'.

Saturday, July 3, 2010

in the lead up to

「~に至るまでの間に、〜に向けて」。

The Ageの記事、'Gillard readies for poll as new boatload arrives' by JOSH GORDONから。

'JULIA Gillard last night was preparing to clear the decks before announcing an election date, with plans to reveal new measures to harden Labor’s border protection policies later this week.

With Ms Gillard nominating tackling the asylum seeker issue as her next priority in the lead up to the poll, another new boatload of asylum seekers reached Christmas Island last night. Locals reported the boat sailed into their harbour with no sign of any naval interception'.

Thursday, July 1, 2010

... divide opinion

「〜に関して意見が二分する」。

前回の続き、BBCの記事、'Obama urges immigration reform in keynote speech'から。

'In his speech, Mr Obama said the Arizona issue had divided opinion in the US.

"But everywhere people have expressed frustration with a system that seems fundamentally broken," he said.

Mr Obama said US borders had been porous for decades and there were an estimated 11 million undocumented immigrants in the country'.

political posturing

「政治的駆け引き、政治劇」。

posturingは、「態度、姿勢」といった意味の名詞です。

BBCの記事、'Obama urges immigration reform in keynote speech'から。

'President Barack Obama has pressed for reform of US immigration policy in his first major speech on the issue.

Mr Obama has made immigration reform a priority amid pressure from border states to tackle illegal immigration and drug violence.

He said the US had thrived as a nation of immigrants but reform had been held hostage by "political posturing" '.